⚇ ddot.it – User Guide
Contents
About this Document
- Version: 1.2
- Release Date: 2026-07-28
- see Changelog
Syntax Elements
- Double dot (
..) → typed links - Quad dot (
....) → untyped links - Newline → additional properties
- Double comma (
,,) → metadata - URLs starting with
ddot.it→ commands - Double exclamation mark (
!!) → commands
NOTE: Spaces don’t matter. Any number of whitespace characters before and after the double dot is allowed — that means Tab and every Unicode space separator, so a NBSP pasted in from Word or a PDF works exactly like a plain space (why). There must be exactly two dots for a typed link. An untyped link is written either as exactly four dots (....) or as two dot-pairs separated by whitespace (.. ..) — the same operator, two spellings. A run of three or five dots is ordinary text, not an operator.
Typed Link
- Syntax:
aaa .. bbb .. ccc - Effect: “aaa” links to “ccc” with link type “bbb”
Typed Link with Meta Data:
- Syntax:
aaa .. bbb .. ccc ,, ddd - Effect: “aaa” links to “ccc” with link type “bbb” and the whole link has meta-data “ddd” attached.
Untyped Link
Just leave out the type.
- Syntax:
aaa .... ccc - Effect: “aaa” links to “ccc” with default link type “links to”
Untyped Link with Meta Data
- Syntax:
aaa .... ccc ,, ddd - Effect: “aaa” links to “ccc” and the whole link has meta-data “ddd” attached.
Additional Properties
To state more properties on the same subject (aaa) add more lines leaving out the subject.
Syntax:
Dirk Hagemann .. works at .. SAP
.. knows .. Claudia Stern
.. is part of .. NEPOMUK
.. phone.. 123-456-789
Metadata
It is possible to use triple syntax in the metadata part. The triple is the subject of the following triples. To add a lot of metadata, just use ,, behind a triple or on a new line, followed by a newline, then as many meta lines as you need, terminated with a single ,, line.
The metadata itself can be
- a single string (
we need to check with Mr. Smith) - annotating the preceding triple (typed:
..since.. 2010; simple:.... Project Eagle)
Short Metadata:
Dirk Hagemann .. works at .. SAP ,, ..year..2010
Several inline metadata pairs are separated with a double semicolon (;;):
John Doe ..leads.. Project Eagle ,, ..since.. 2025 ;; ..until.. 2027
(Inside a multi-line ,, block a ;; is ordinary text, because there each metadata value runs to the end of its line.)
Longer Metadata:
Dirk Hagemann .. works at .. SAP ,,
..year..2010
..fictive.. yes
..project.. NEPOMUK
,,
Commands
Commands allow fine-tuning ddot.it behavior.
ddot.it/can be abbreviated with!!(double exclamation mark), but the longer form is self-documenting (URL explains more)
File Type Indicator
- Syntax:
ddot.it - Effect: Marks a document as double-dotted. Helps human readers and agents to find the documentation.
Include and Exclude
By default a ddot reader scans every file it is given. ddot.it is meant to augment any text you already have, so requiring a marker would mean missing most of it: triples are found and reported wherever they occur.
The ddot.it marker and the ddot.it/on command therefore do not switch parsing on. They are hints for humans and agents, and they only select files when a reader is explicitly run in the optional “exclude non-marked files” mode.
Within a file, ddot.it/off and ddot.it/on always apply — see Include/Exclude Regions.
Include Command
- Syntax:
ddot.it/on(or!!on) - Effect: Resume ddot.it processing from this line on.
Exclude Command
- Syntax:
ddot.it/off(or!!off) - Effect: Stop ddot.it processing from this line on. Nothing between an
offand the nextonis parsed — not even commands.
Include/Exclude Regions
A document may use multiple on (include) and off (exclude) commands, indicating regions for double dot processing. The command goes from start of document until the end of the doc or a counter-command.
This Command
- Syntax:
ddot.it/this - Effect: Use this command the the subject (first part of a triple) to annotate the current document.
Relation Types
For common relation names, see Common Relation Names.